Responsibilities of the editor

To act in a balanced, objective and fair way when performing their duties, without discrimination based on gender, sexual orientation, religious or political beliefs, ethnic or geographical origin of the author.

Treat submissions for sponsored supplements or special issues in the same way as other submissions, so that articles are considered and accepted solely on the basis of their academic merit and without commercial influence.

Verbally and gradually implement procedures in case of complaints of an ethical nature or conflict of interest, in accordance with the Company's policies and procedures where appropriate. To give authors a reasonable opportunity to respond to any complaints. All complaints should be investigated regardless of when the original posting was approved. Documentation related to such complaints should be retained.

Responsibilities of reviewers

Contribute to the decision-making process and help improve the quality of published work by reviewing manuscripts objectively and in a timely manner.

Maintain the confidentiality of any information received from the editor or author. Do not retain or copy the manuscript.

Alert the editor to any published or submitted content that is significantly similar to that being reviewed.

Be aware of any potential conflicts of interest (financial, institutional, collaborative, or other relationships between reviewers and authors) and alert the editor, withdrawing your services for that manuscript if necessary.

Responsibilities of the author

Maintain accurate records of data associated with their submitted article and provide or provide access to such data upon reasonable request. Where appropriate and permitted by the employer, financial body and others who may have an interest, deposit data in an appropriate warehouse or storage location for sharing and further use by others.

Confirm/assert that the article as submitted is not under consideration or accepted for publication elsewhere. Where parts of the content overlap with published or submitted content, acknowledge and cite those sources. Additionally, provide the editor with a copy of any submitted article that may contain overlapping or closely related content.

Confirm that all work in the submitted article is original and acknowledge and cite content taken from other sources. Obtain permission to reproduce any content from other sources.

Authors should ensure that any study involving human or animal subjects complies with national, local and institutional laws and requirements (eg WMA Declaration of Helsinki, NIH Policy on the Use of Laboratory Animals, EU Directive on the Use of Animals) and confirm that approval has been sought and obtained where appropriate. Authors should obtain express permission from human subjects and respect their privacy.

Declare any potential conflicts of interest (eg where the author has a conflict of interest (real or apparent) that could be considered or viewed as exerting undue influence on his or her duties at any stage during the publication process).

Notify the journal editor or publisher immediately if a significant error is identified in their publication. Co-operation with the editor and publisher to publish a correction, addition, notice of correction or retraction of the work, where deemed necessary.

All listed authors must have made a significant scientific contribution to the research in the article and approve all of its claims.

Redundant publications include the inappropriate sharing of study results across several articles.

In the event that there are documented violations of any of the above policies, the following sanctions will be applied: such as rejection of the disputed article, rejection of every other submitted article, banning of all authors from any new submissions.

If the article is accepted for publication, each author must sign a copyright agreement form and send the signed form, in electronic format, to the editor, along with the final version of the article. This allows us at E4E to have the rights to work to ensure copyright protection against infringement and to disseminate your article and our magazine as widely as possible.

Publisher's Responsibilities

We are committed to ensuring that advertising, reprint or other commercial income does not influence or influence editorial decisions. In addition, we will assist in communication with other journals and/or publishers where this is useful to the editors. Finally, we work closely with other publishers and industry associations to set standards for best practices in ethical issues, errors and retractions - and are prepared to provide specialist legal review and advice if required.

Procedures for dealing with unethical behavior

Identification of unethical behavior:

• Policy violations and unethical behavior can be identified and brought to the attention of editors and publishers at any time, by anyone.

• Violations and unethical behavior may include, but are not limited to, the examples listed above.

• Whoever informs the editor or publisher of such behavior should provide sufficient information and evidence to initiate an investigation. All allegations should be taken seriously and treated equally, until a successful decision or conclusion is reached.

Investigation:

• The initial decision should be made by the editor, who should consult or seek advice from the publisher, if appropriate.

• Evidence should be gathered, avoiding spreading any accusations beyond those who need to know.

Minor offences:

• A minor violation of the rules can be resolved without the need for a wider consultation. In any case, the author should be given an opportunity to respond to any allegations.

Serious offenses:

• Serious violations of the rules may require notification of the employers of the accused. The editor, in consultation with the publisher or Society as appropriate, should decide whether to include employers, either by reviewing the available evidence themselves or by further consultation with a limited number of experts. Statements (in ascending order of severity, may be applied separately or in combination).

• Informing or educating authors or reviewers where there appears to be a misunderstanding or misapplication of acceptable standards.

• A more strongly worded letter to the author or reviewer covering the rule violation and as a warning for future behavior.

• Publishing a formal notice detailing the policy violation.

• Publishing an editorial detailing the policy violation.

• A formal letter to the department head or funding agency of the author or reviewer.

• Formal withdrawal or withdrawal of a publication from a journal, in conjunction with notifying the author's or reviewer's department head, summarizing and indexing services, and the publication's readership.

• Imposing a formal ban on an individual's contributions for a certain period.

• Reporting the case and outcome to a professional organization or higher authority for further investigation and action.